Procurement Market Intelligence Report
Once-Through Steam Generators
Sourcing Guide & Market Intelligence
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Once-Through Steam Generators Global Overview
Definition
Summary
Once-through steam generators (OTSGs) are heat recovery steam generators that convert steam into energy. One of the main differences between OTSGs and other heat recovery steam generators is that the former does not have boiler drums, which enables more flexibility in changing steam production. The key buyers of once-through steam generators are typically large industrial companies and power generation facilities that require efficient and reliable steam production for processes such as chemical manufacturing, oil and gas refining, and electricity generation.
This Report Includes:
- Standard OTSGs
- Nuclear OTSGs
Not in this Report:
- Steam Boilers
- Furnaces
Global Once-Through Steam Generators Procurement Trends
Discover the top international trends affecting procurement in the global Once-Through Steam Generators market.
Warning Trends
Increased tariffs on copper imports take effect
- On August 1, the Trump administration implemented 50.0% tariffs on imported copper. Chile and Canada will be most impacted by these tariffs, as they account for a combined 87.0% of all copper imports in the United States.
- However, these tariffs are less sweeping than initially expected, only applying to semi-finished copper products, while excluding high-purity refined copper and copper input materials, such as ore and concentrate. As leading importers, such as Chile and Canada, have both high copper mining and refining capacities, they will likely avoid most of these tariffs by either exporting the copper in its unrefined form or refining the copper before exporting it to the United States
- These copper tariff exemptions limit the impact on the electronics and electrical equipment sectors because these applications require refined copper due to its optimal conductive properties.
- Thus, the prices of metal alloys that include copper, consumer products made from copper, tools, plumbing, corrosion-resistant alloys, and construction materials made from copper are forecast to rise by an average of 39.2%, according to the Yale Budget Lab.
Tariffs may drive up prices and lead times for electrical equipment
- The Trump administration’s reciprocal tariffs, which raise the tariffs on all goods imported from most other countries, are set to take effect on August 7 after the rates were finalized on August 1. The US power generation and distribution sector is highly reliant on imports, with electrical equipment imports accounting for an estimated 56.7% of total annual domestic supply.
- Due to the complexity of most power generation and distribution machinery, most components or raw materials included in these products originate outside the United States, even if the finished machinery is assembled domestically.
- As a result, the Yale Budget Lab currently estimates that the upcoming tariffs will cause electrical equipment prices to increase by 26.6% on average.
- Further, tariffs present complications for the long, often multinational production cycles common for more complex electrical equipment manufacturing, leading American Electric Power and other leaders in the energy sector to warn of shortages and increased lead times for electric equipment.
United States announces new tariffs on all imported steel
- In February 2025, the United States announced 25.0% tariffs on all imported steel with no exemptions or exceptions. The tariffs took effect on March 12, 2025. On June 4th, these tariffs were increased further to 50%. These tariffs were not impacted by a recent court decision that temporarily suspended duties on certain goods as they were implemented under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act.
- Previously, countries such as Canada, Mexico, and Brazil, the top exporters of steel to the United States, had exemptions from tariffs. These have now been removed and all imported steel, regardless of origin, will be subject to the 50.0% tariff. However, on May 8th, the US announced an agreement with the United Kingdom to remove all levies on steel exported from the UK.
- Due to this reliance on steel imports to supplement the domestic supply, these tariffs are likely to increase steel prices in the United States by 30.9%, according to Yale Budget Lab.
Global Once-Through Steam Generators Market - Suppliers by Region
| Country/Region | Number of Suppliers |
|---|---|
| #1 China | 745 |
| #2 Europe | 715 |
| #3 United States | 270 |
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2
Geography Drilldown - US
Average Cost of Once-Through Steam Generators
United States
2026 Market Pricing$0.30 to $XXX.XX
per unitAverage Price
Prices in the Once-Through Steam Generators market range from $0.30 to $XXX.XX, depending on Materials, Product Origin, Supplier Specialization, Application and Installation Location. For example, lower prices are associated with Low-level tarnish resistance metals, whereas higher prices are associated with Corrosion-resistant alloys.
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Between our Europe and Canada collections, we provide price data for 350 markets so you can instantly compare prices across borders. Or, use our custom research services for intel on prices in any region across the globe.
Once-Through Steam Generators Category Price Trends
Pricing trends are indicated by the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) during a set period of time. For the Once-Through Steam Generators market, prices in the US have grown 2.0% from 2022 to 2025. Subscribers can access price trend forecasts, price driver projections and forward-looking cost structure data. Learn more
United States (2022-2025)
United States (2025-2028)
Compound Annual Growth Rate
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Price trend forecasts are available to subscribers, along with price driver projections and forward-looking cost structure data.
Cost Analysis - Total Cost of Ownership for Once-Through Steam Generators
Total cost of ownership is High in the Once-Through Steam Generators market. The average cost of ownership differs depending on the contract but generally includes costs negotiated before the contract begins, costs billed during the contract period and unforeseen costs. For example, unforeseen costs in the form of Downtime may raise the total cost of ownership unexpectedly.
Negotiated Before
Transportation
Installation
Billed During
Maintenance
Consumables
Unforeseen
Downtime
Buyer Power in Procurement Negotiations
In 2026, buyer power amounts to -2.5 in the United States. Buyer power is most positively impacted by Recent Developments. It is most negatively impacted by Recent Price Volatility. Subscribers can access details on eight other factors that impact buyer power. Learn more
United States
Buyer power forecasts: your glimpse into the future
Develop strategies for the upcoming year and identify unforeseen opportunities for buying now
- Actionable "Buy Now" and "Buy Later" insights
- Near-real-time updates to current and forecast Buyer Power Scores
- Methodology and weightings for Buyer Power Score Components
Supply Chain Risk
The average level of supply chain risk is assessed as High, which has a negative impact on buyer power. The level of supply chain risk is affected by industry volatility, barriers to entry, competition, import penetration, regulation and industry financial risk. Buyers in this market can mitigate procurement and supply chain management risks by monitoring risk levels for individual first and second tier suppliers:
1st
Tier Suppliers
- Metal Pipe & Tube Manufacturers
- Nonferrous Metal Refiners
- Valve Manufacturers
2nd
Tier Suppliers
- Iron & Steel Manufacturers
- Aluminum Manufacturers
- Ferrous Metal Foundry Producers
Biggest Once-Through Steam Generators Suppliers in the US by Revenue
The largest Once-Through Steam Generators vendors by revenue in the US are Alstom, Doosan Corporation and Abb Ltd. Subscribers can sort and filter by market share concentration, profit level and other factors. Learn more
| Supplier | Operational Size | Headquarters | Number of Employees | Market Share (%) | Market Share Performance (3yr trend) | Total Revenue ($ million) | Profit Level (%) | Risk Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alstom | Global | Paris, FR | >10,001 | 10-15 | ||||
| Siemens Ag | Global | Munich , DE | >10,001 | 15-20 | ||||
| General Electric Company | Global | EVENDALE | >10,000 | 20-25 | ||||
| Doosan Corporation | Global | Seoul, KR | >10,001 | 5-10 | ||||
| Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Global | Tokyo, JP | >10,001 | 5-10 | ||||
| Cummins Inc. | Global | COLUMBUS, IN | >10,000 | < 5 | ||||
| Abb Ltd | Global | Zurich | >10,000 | < 5 | ||||
| Babcock Power Inc. | National | Danvers, MA | 1,001-10,000 | < 5 | ||||
| Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc. | Global | AKRON, OH | 1,001-10,000 | < 5 | ||||
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Subscribers can access vendor information on Canadian and European suppliers, too. We also offer custom research services to help with vendor sourcing anywhere in the world.
Profit Analysis
The average profit margin across vendors in the Once-Through Steam Generators market is 7.0% and steady. Profit levels shift depending on suppliers' spend on wages, purchases and overhead. The highest cost component for vendors is Purchases. The cost trend for this component is rising, when considering movement between 2025 and 2026. To understand cost forecasts for 2027 and uncover the implications on profit, start your subscription. Learn more
Vendor & Supply Chain Analysis
Market share concentration among OTSG manufacturers is moderate, with the top four suppliers accounting for just under 50.0% of total market revenue and the remainder of the market being composed of small and midsized vendors. While buyers have a degree of choice when selecting a vendor, the relatively low total number of vendors limits buyer power.
Recent shifts in tariff policy have heightened the instability in the price of steel and other metals, contributing to high supply chain risk in this market. Therefore, buyers may be affected by extended buying lead times related to product availability or unpredictable prices.
Average vendor risk in this market is moderate, meaning buyers may benefit from financially vetting vendors, especially smaller vendors with less diversified business models.
The United States is a net importer of steam generators and boilers, which indicates a high level of competition in the market from foreign vendors. While buyers benefit from the increased competition and wider selection of vendors, the increased reliance on overseas vendors heightens the risk of supply chain disruptions.
Supplier Information
Alstom
Alstom is a public company operating globally in the manufacturing sector. The company's offerings include hydraulic turbines and once-through steam generators. Founded in 1928, the company is currently headquartered in Paris, Île-de-France, France with an estimated employee count of over 10,000. Subscribe to learn more
Siemens Ag
Siemens Ag is a public company operating globally in the manufacturing, information, real estate & rental & leasing, professional, scientific & technical services, administration, business support and waste management services and other services (except public administration) sectors. The company's offerings... Subscribe to learn more
General Electric Company
General Electric Company (dba GE Aerospace) is a global aerospace company that provides engines, systems, and services to commercial, government, and military markets. It organizes its business into two segments: the Commercial Engines & Services segment, which designs and manufactures jet engines for commercial... Subscribe to learn more
Doosan Corporation
Doosan Corporation is a public company operating globally in the manufacturing and wholesale trade sectors. The company's offerings include soil preparation machinery, forestry & logging equipment, excavators, building demolition machinery & equipment, forklifts. Founded in 1896, the company is currently Subscribe to learn more
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Mitsubishi Electric Corp is a public company operating globally in the construction, manufacturing and professional, scientific & technical services sectors. The company's offerings include packaging machines, elevators, escalators, once-through steam generators, auxiliary generators. Founded in 1921, the... Subscribe to learn more
Abb Ltd
ABB Ltd. is a global technology company that offers comprehensive electrification, robotics, automation, and motion solutions, primarily serving the distribution utilities, renewables, and transport & infrastructure markets. It organizes its business into four segments: the Electrification segment, which Subscribe to learn more
Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.
Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises Inc. is a public company operating globally in the construction, manufacturing, professional, scientific and technical services and administration, business support and waste management services sectors. The company's offerings include once-through steam generators, power line... Subscribe to learn more
Babcock Power Inc.
Babcock Power Inc. is a private company operating globally in the manufacturing sector. The company's offerings include once-through steam generators. Founded in 2002, the company is currently headquartered in Danvers, Massachusetts, United States of America with an estimated 750 employees. Subscribe to learn more
Clayton Industries
Clayton Industries is a private company operating nationally in the manufacturing sector. The company's offerings include once-through steam generators. Founded in 1930, the company is currently headquartered in City of Industry, California, United States of America with an estimated 175 employees. Subscribe to learn more
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Procurement Management KPIs for the Once-Through Steam Generators Market
Managing vendor performance throughout the contract period is easier when tracking specific key performance indicators (KPIs). For example, buyers should monitor Employee Training Rate and Mean Time to Failure (MTTF). Buyers may experience better performance throughout their contracts if they establish service level agreements (SLAs) based on Quality and other factors.
| KPI | Level of Importance (1-5) | Measurements | Key Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Employee Training Rate |
|
Number of hours of training required Employee certifications Employee evaluation pass rate |
A high employee training rate signifies that a large portion of the vendor's workforce should be able to correctly install, maintain, and inspect the equipment. A highly trained workforce improves the vendor's ability to provide valuable support services for OTSG buyers. |
| Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) |
|
Total hours in use divided by the number of asset failures |
Mean time to failure is a measure of how regularly asset failure occurs relative to hours of use. It is often a strong indicator of durability under continuous use. OTSG durability is vital for buyers to realize the long-term value of the equipment. Therefore, buyers should use the mean time to failure to assess the durability of OTSGs. |
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Questions to Ask During Procurement Negotiations
How can I gain leverage during negotiations?
Experience and Expertise
How long have you been active in this field? How long have you served operators in my market?
What are some similar clients you have serviced, along with dates and service periods?
Reputation
Could you provide a list of client references, along with contact information?
Do you have case studies or client testimonials detailing the services performed?
Quality Control
What is the typical inspection process that your product undergoes?
How often do you experience defects with your products? To what degree are in-process inspections and process controls carried out?
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Once-Through Steam Generators RFP Guidelines
What should my RFP include?
Organizational Overview
Buyers should describe their operations (e.g., commercial, industrial & municipal) to help vendors understand their power generation needs.
Buyers should provide a detailed description of their operational structure, including to whom vendors will report.
Statement Of Need
Buyers should describe their specific energy needs and goals for energy savings through the heat-recovery process.
Buyers should provide a detailed layout of their facility’s design, including square footage and number of floors.
Project Budget
Buyers should explicitly state the amount of the award.
Buyers should explain the schedule with which payments will be made.
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Our Reports include:
- Opportunity assessment
- Market dynamics
- Recent developments
- Positive and warning trends
- Buyer power levers
- Price environment and market pricing
- Geographic wage rates
- Global market updates
- Total cost of ownership
- Cost structure benchmarks and analysis
- Supply chain and vendors
- Global supplier breakdown
- Market share concentration
- Regulation and business requirements
- Vendor management and KPIs
- Sourcing strategy guidance
